Despite the fact that in this century book production increased enormously, scientists and men of letters still were publishing their works in the form of manuscript. The rise of the print and publishing industry were still in need of more advertisement.

In any case, in the XIX century, the printing process was constantly developing and making progress thanks to the revolutionary invention of the printing press and to the invention of the steam powered press, which dates back to 1812. Indeed, the powered press made it possible to print over a thousand copies of a page per hour.

Furthermore, the most recent technological discoverings allowed the creation of a printing press that could print on both sides of a sheet at once, making the printing process extremely faster and making newspapers available to a mass audience (which also helped spread literacy).

The result of this influent change could be seen even in book and printing works' design, with a consequent standardization in titles and other metadata.

As far as the newspapers were concerned, people considered having big titles written in different fonts as something very fancy and attractive. As a matter of fact, the newspapers that date back to the XIX century are usually characterized by such features. Also, something that was very appreciated concerned elaborated decorations in the headers and lines dividing the paragraphs.

Back then, titles had a huge importance and they used to occupy a relevant section of the page.

The colors in the printing had not been introduced yet, therefore all the images were and are in black-and-white. If something was colored, it was done manually and after having printed the work.

By doing research, we found out something else that got our attention; in the XIX century, ads were already present in the newspapers and they used to advertize popular products that rich people, namely, those who could afford to buy newspapers, would be interested in. Therefore, we decided the add even a small ads advertizing the revolutionary drinking of the chocolate in our style.

We took into consideration all these features and we created a template to summarize them:

Despite the fact that futurism and dadaism were leading the beginning of the XX Century, many newspapers maintained a very serious and professional layout, even though they were living in an atmosphere of complete change and excitement.

In the newspapers that were commonly sold at the beginning of the XX Century, the text was divided into columns where words used to be very close each other, and images did not seem to have the same importance as in the previous centuries. The main aim of the newspapers populating this historical period was the clarity, therefore the titles and the fonts were not extremely detailed as formerly, and the biggest concern was related to the easy understandability of the written content.

The font-family that we used here is a very serious and professional one, written in italics and aimed at assisting a fast-reading style. As a matter of fact, writing the news in very narrow columns is a way to help people to read faster, given that the newspaper of this period were not read from the beginning to the end by their readers, who simply wanted to grasp a piece of information here and a piece of information there.

A big bold title coloured of black. That's the journal's main page.

You can see that the headers of the principal news occupy all the space, while subheaders and text is really little. The article section must contain all the information's and they were plenty of details that the images (too expensive for the age) cannot fullfill.

This also suggest that there was an epoc while people got time to read and the living time was ext remely slower and less frenetic. You can also appreciate an ancient form of advertisement.

The title content was simple, no sensationalistic, and the style follows the one of the journal. No special techniques were applied to invite or persuade the reader to buy.

About table of datas, as in other sections of the journal the style is minimalist, with the classic black ink on white spotted page. Lines precisely define rectangular frame of the table.

Datas are cleanly exposed. No graphics ore histograms help the reader to understand.

Differently than the previous decades, the magazines of the XX century were characterized by the invasive presence of colors. We are in the post-war period. The dominating culture was the one that was led and promoted by the hippies. Everything, as a consequence, had to be very colorful and attractive. The main aim was spreading an idea of peace and harmony that was transmitted by using a huge amount of colors and putting them together, even when it appeared to go against every rule concerning the harmonious combination of colors.

The font that we used for the main corpus of the text looks like a joke. Some letters are in bold, others are not. There is not a common shape and a style which is followed, but we deceided to chose this kind of font because, in our opinion, it was the one which could express in the best way the carefreeness that characterized this historical period.

Even the headers and the titles deserved a particular attention: we used big letters with inner decorations in order to get people's attention. Additionaly, we decided to use an animated and colorful bacgkround in a global structure able to transmit this idea of frenzy and excitement.

This style is based on magazines belonging to the end of the XX Century. These magazines presented big images and big titles on the main cover page. The titles were always colored with bright and cheerful colours that could get people's attention.

Pages used to be of a smooth, polished, shiny white. The font-family doesn't present aggressive edges, but a rounded way that makes the reader feel in an age without concerns.

Lot of popular magazines occupied studies, waiting hall, bar and locals during the 19ies. Are magazines of frivolous content, gossip news. Time,

smash hits, playboy, people, radiotimes, arena, fashion, tv guide, sorrisi, match, cosmopolitan, oggi, gente, tv, panorama, quattroruote. These are just fews of the name. The header, the main page of the magazine is completely filled up by photo's of famous people or person's of interested. Subtitles overhang photos, explaining them.

Other times are sensazionalistic one's and they got people attention with colours, rotations and strange fonts. On the other hand,

while images take lots of space of header or main page of the article the text has is space. Often there are three columns. Some margin is left between space. Citations are extremely big. They often represent words of people been interviewed

and that's what the reader want to read. The famous character thougths and words. A little spray of colour, sometimes red, other blu or yellow

decorate the page. But no exceedings, these are no more the 60's with their stravagant and psychedelic way of expression.

We imagined a future we would not like to see. We guessed that people will get bored of reading, and visual content will be the most spread way to communicate news. Therefore, we created a kind of video-reader which will read the text and display the images related to the news. In this way, people of the future will have the opportunity to listen to the news while doing other things.

In the future, time will be even more important than today. Consequently, in our style it will even be possible to speed up the reading voice, so as to listen to the same content in a fastest way.